Bhagavad Gita BG 1.2
Chapter 1, Verse 2 — Meaning, Translation & Explanation
सञ्जय उवाच । दृष्ट्वा तु पाण्डवानीकं व्यूढं दुर्योधनस्तदा । आचार्यमुपसङ्गम्य राजा वचनमब्रवीत् ॥ २ ॥
sañjaya uvāca dṛṣṭvā tu pāṇḍavānīkaṃ vyūḍhaṃ duryodhanas tadā ācāryam upasaṅgamya rājā vacanam abravīt
Meaning
Sanjaya said: Having seen the army of the Pandavas arrayed for battle, King Duryodhana then approached his teacher Drona and spoke these words.
Understanding
Sanjaya begins his narration. Duryodhana, the eldest Kaurava prince, surveys the Pandava army drawn up in battle formation (vyūḍha) and is immediately worried by what he sees. Rather than address his commanders directly, he goes to Drona — his revered teacher — perhaps seeking reassurance or counsel.
Word by Word
| Word | IAST | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| सञ्जय | sañjaya | Sanjaya (the narrator) |
| दृष्ट्वा | dṛṣṭvā | having seen |
| पाण्डवानीकम् | pāṇḍavānīkam | the Pandava army |
| व्यूढम् | vyūḍham | arrayed / in battle formation |
| दुर्योधनः | duryodhanaḥ | Duryodhana |
| आचार्यम् | ācāryam | the teacher (Drona) |
| उवाच | uvāca | said / spoke |
| तु | tu | but / then (adversative particle) |
| तदा | tadā | then / at that time |
| उपसङ्गम्य | upasaṅgamya | having approached / going up to |
| राजा | rājā | the king (Duryodhana) |
| वचनम् | vacanam | words / speech |
| अब्रवीत् | abravīt | spoke / said |